The author in front of the Natas - Verloren
For an introduction please scroll down
Coordinates : 23°08 'S , 16°20 'E : Farm Natas / Verloren, Hakos Mountains, Central
Namibia
To see the Quartzberg on Google Earth, please click here.
Quartz is a mineral which often form crystals of large dimensions
and 1 m sized crystals of quartz are not very rare indeed. But have you
ever heard of 20 m - and may be even more - quartz crystals ? They
exist, on a very remote farm in western Namibia, not too far from the
prominent Gamsberg tafelberg. The Verloren farm has an interesting history on its own. The name
"Verloren" which means "lost" in dutch language, derives from the fact, that this farmland
was good, but virtually inacessible. Lost farmland hanging half way up
the Great Escarpment, 500 m above the neighbouring farm and 500 m below the namibian plateau.
So this piece of farmland was given for free to the
adjoining farmer with the condition to build an access road as soon as possible.
The farmer truly fulfilled his obligation and constructed a remarkably steep and narrow road. To reach the "crystal mountain" you have to use this rocky road
and this is surely one of the most adventurous tracks you will ever
experience. We tried it first in 1988 and simply did not succeed. The
road was too steep for the petrol pump of our landrover and the engine
ran out of fuel every time half up the slope. Frustrating ! Finally we
gave up and returned to Windhoek. Since that time I ever dreamed of
returning to the crystal mountain... In 1998 we tried it again, equipped with a new 4 x 4 Toyota, which
served us well during our three weeks of holiday in Namibia. We arrived at the
steep slope and this time we made it...but again this infamous track
took its toll. While driving upwards, the back doors of our vehicle
suddently failed and our complete luggage scattered around on the adjoining slopes
! Finally we reached the rolling hills of the Verloren farm plateau and
after an hour hiking we gladly reached the crystal mountain. There it
was, a giant mass of almost pure white glassy quartz glistening in the
sun. And there were the crystals too : 10, 15, 20 meters... maybe even
more. No, they do not (or only rarely)form free standing
idiomorphic crystals, but you can easily identify the pyramidal crystal
shapes in the rock faces and from time to time - looking from the right
spots and the right angles - you can easily recognize large crystal
faces too. And then there were this caves. Unique caves indeed ! I had heard
about them before : giant rhomboedral dolomite crystals up to 2 m form
carbonate inclusions in the quartz crystals, These dolomite crystals, which you
can find at many places, are subject to classic carstification, i.e. they
are leached away over the times by water and all what remains are empty voids
in the rhomboedral forms of the former crystals. Even this caves are
quite long and a namibian caver told me later that they reach a length
of more than 100 m. Pitty for us, that we didnt bring the right
equipment to go caving... But imagine : A substantial cave developed by leaching of giant
dolomite crystals, which are mere inclusions in even larger quartz
crystals ! We left the place deeply satisfied to have the privilege to see
some of the largest crystals on earth. And if I ever get the chance
I will come back, this time with caving gear...
Scientific research on this probably unique occurence, which
definitely needs protection, was carried out by geologists of
Göttingen university in the course of the SFB 48
'Continental Earth Crust' in the 1980ties. For further information please have a look at
MARTIN. H. & EDER, F.W. (1983) (eds.) Intracontinental
Foldbelts, Springer Verlag
and here :
BEHR, H.J., HORN, E.E., PORADA, H. : Fluid inclusions and genetic
aspects of the Damara orogen, pp. 611 -
654
BEZING, L. v. (2007) : Namibia - Mineralien und Fundstellen, Bode Verlag, Haltern 2007
For a detailed description of the cave system, please read MARAIS,E., MARTINI, J. & IRISH, J. (1995) : Gauab AS (Nambie Occidentale) : Une grotte dans de la dolomie megacristalline hydrothermale, in : Karstologia, No. 25, 2/1995, pp. 51 - 54, which you can access here thanks E. Marais, who sended us his publication.
About 5 - 10 m large quartz prism in the Natas - Verloren Quartzberg
Photo : A. Schmidt-Mumm, Adelaide
Center of the Quartzberg with dolomite - talc core
Photo : A. Schmidt-Mumm, Adelaide
Several meter large, well developed quartz crystals on Farm
Verloren
Source : BEHR, H.J., HORN, E.E., PORADA, H. : Fluid inclusions and genetic
aspects of the Damara orogen, pp. 611 -
654
12 m long weathered quartz crystal, showing excellent parting between growth sections
Photo : M. Bosshard, taken from Rykart "Quarz - Monographie", p.323
Quartzberg, August 2005
Mineralogy :
Quartz, dolomite, talc
Crystal Size :
Quartz crystals up to 20 m ( 50 m ?) and dolomite
crystals up to about 2 m
Geology & Origin :
Hydrothermal crystallisation of quartz / dolomite in fault zone in surrounding mica schist
with intense carstification of the dolomite.
Current status :
Plans are underway to open up the locality for tourists.
Remarks :
This site and smaller similiar sites in the vicinity urgently needs further research and
protection !
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